Fixed Wireless and Hybrid Access

List of tables and figures

Tables
Table 1: Understanding the effect on performance by MIMO and order modulation
Table 2: Frequency range and coverage
Table 3: Digital Dividend frequency bands, by ITU Regions
Table 4: Countries where the L-band has already been auctioned in the EU
Table 5: 450 MHz LTE networks worldwide
Table 6: European hybrid DSL-LTE services
Table 7: Hybrid CPE deployment options
Table 8: Operators and vendors involved in commercial hybrid DSL-LTE offers
Table 9: Live hybrid offers in European markets
Table 10: Throughput and link distance at various frequency bands
Table 11: 5G fixed wireless deployment scenarios in rural areas
Table 12: 5G fixed wireless deployment scenarios in suburban areas
Table 13: 5G fixed wireless deployment scenarios in urban areas

Figures
Figure 1: The LTE device ecosystem: All 9,544 LTE user devices by form factor, November 2017
Figure 2: Max throughput of commercial LTE networks
Figure 3: Proposed frequency plan for the extension of the 3.5 GHz band for fixed and mobile broadband in France
Figure 4: Estimated development of L-Band ecosystem
Figure 5: Bouygues Telecom 4G Box
Figure 6: 4G download speed evolution during a one-week test in a Belgian rural area
Figure 7: Download speed evolution during a test involving first a UK FTTC connection during three days and a 4G connection during the remaining 4 days
Figure 8: VIAG Interkom ‘Genion’ homezone offer (1999)
Figure 9: BT Fusion (2005)
Figure 10: Fixed/mobile bonding hybrid
Figure 11: European hybrid offers
Figure 12: Comparison of IP-level congestion vs TCP-level congestion
Figure 13: Performance of LTE-DSL bonding with Intel/Ericsson MPTCP-based solution
Figure 14: The Licensed-Assisted Access principles
Figure 15: LAA brings LTE Gigabit to MNOs lacking spectrum
Figure 16: Two different architectures to provide broadband access in remote areas
Figure 17: Dual-box implementation at home
Figure 18: Minimum throughput required, depending on stream definition
Figure 19: DAE broadband objectives
Figure 20: Broadband coverage in the EU 28, in 2016
Figure 21: Rural NGA coverage
Figure 22: Rural LTE coverage by country
Figure 23: 4G downlink speeds in rural France
Figure 24: A1 ‘Hybrid Power’
Figure 25: The hybrid objectives of DTAG
Figure 26: Magenta Zuhause Hybrid tariffs
Figure 27: Swisscom outdoor unit
Figure 28: Swisscom 2020 broadband technology mix
Figure 29: Swisscom network coverage map 2016 vs. 2021
Figure 30: Performance objectives for 5G and associated use cases
Figure 31: Simulation by Mitsubishi using a 48-element adaptive-phase antenna array using 44 GHz frequency bands and 500 MHz of bandwidth
Figure 32: Verizon 5G fixed wireless plans for 2018
Figure 33: Results of Verizon 5G fixed wireless trials: Download speed results
Figure 34: Performance and spectral efficiency at 37 GHz
Figure 35: Backhaul capacity requirement per radio site for mobile operators